PD-1 Blockade with Pembrolizumab in Relapsed/ Refractory Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma

Halahleh K1*, Ma’koseh M1, Rawashdeh M1, Barakat F2, Odai AA3, Nofal A3, Lina H4, Muradi I5 and Akram AI6

1Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Oncology Hematology & Bone Marrow Transplantation, King Hussein Cancer Center, Jordan 2Department of Hematopathology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Jordan 3Department of Radiology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Jordan 4Al-Quds University College of Medicine, Palestine 5Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya 6Department of Nuclear Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Center, Jordan

^*Correspondance to: Halahleh K 

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Abstract:

Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma (PMBCL) is rather rare aggressive B-cell lymphoma characterized by frequent amplification and chromosomal rearrangements involving 9p24.1, resulting in the expression of the Programmed cell Death-1 (PD-1) ligands PD-L1 and PD-L2, leading to the inhibition of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Pembrolizumab, a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody, binds PD-1 and blocks the interaction of PD1-PDL1 and 2, resulting in enhanced activity of the immune system against tumor cells. Pembrolizumab has shown activity in PMBCL and in some cases of primary and Secondary Central Nervous System (CNS) and testicular lymphomas. We report 4 patients with advanced refractory PMBCL, who were treated with Pembrolizumab and achieved complete remission, 3 patients prior to Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation (ABMT) and 1 after ABMT relapse with reasonable median remission duration of 13.25 months (range: 8 to 28 months).

Keywords:

Primary mediastinal lymphoma; PMBCL; Pembrolizumab; Autologous transplantation

Cite the Article:

Halahleh K, Ma’koseh M, Rawashdeh M, Barakat F, Odai AA, Nofal A, et al. PD-1 Blockade with Pembrolizumab in Relapsed/Refractory Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma. Ann Clin Case Rep. 2022; 7: 2243..